Profile of C3H/HeJ Jcl Mice

References

Foster et al eds., The Mouse in Biomedical Research, Volume I: 1981; Volume II: 1982; Volume III: 1983; Volume IV: 1982, Academic Press Inc. New York.

 

Biochemical and Immunological Loci

 

 

Lifespan

• Conventional environment:

• S.P.F. environment:

 

Naturally Occurring Tumors and Lesions

• The incidence of mammary tumors in unfostered sublines was less than 1% in males, 95% in multiparous females, and 88% in nulliparous females (Heston, 1963).

• The same incidence was 99% at 7.2 months of age (Heston & Vahaleis, 1971).

• In the same line, latent mammary tumors developed at 276-566 days of age. Reproductive stress was suggested as a trigger (Riley, 1975).

• The incidence of mammary tumors in fostered sublines was 37% at two years (Riley, 1975).

• The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma was 72-91% in males and 59% in multiparous females and 30-38% in nulliparous females at 14 months of age (Heston, 1963).

• The incidence of pulmonary adenoma was 2-10% and leukemia was 6-30% in fostered A lines (Mühlbock & Teng-bergen, 1971).

• In a S.P.F. environment, the incidence of naturally occurring tumors and lesions was as follows: hepatic tumors 9-23%, pulmonary tumors 2-10%, mammary tumors 21-36%, 13-26%, and ovarian cysts 13-26% (Festing & Blackmore, 1971).

• Hepatocellular carcinoma was associated with eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions (Liebelt, 1971).

• The incidence of leukemia was 17%, hepatocellular carcinoma was 14%, and lung cancer was 7% (Smith, 1973).

 

Immunological Characteristics

• Resistant to Mouse Hepatitis virus (Bang, 1960)

• Good immune response to Vi antigen (Gaines, 1965)

• Responsive to sensitization with polypeptide Glu 57, Lys 38, Ala 5 (Pinchuk, 1965)

• Good immune response to small amounts of bovine γ-globulin (Levin, 1970)

• Weak immune response to Cholera A, B antigens (Gerny, 1970)

• When male skin was grafted onto syngeneic females, all grafts were rejected after 100 days (Gasser, 1971)

• Weak immune response to ovalbumin and ovomucoid (Vaz, 1971)

• Good antibody affinity to HSA (Petty, 1972)

• Weak immune response to bovine serum albumin (James, 1972)

• Susceptible to Mycoplasma fermentens (Gatenby et al., 1972)

• Resistant to LCM virus until 1970 (survival rate 76%), but currently affected (survival 3%) (Oldstone, 1973)

• Low reactivity to specific and non-specific B cell activation by Gram-negative bacterial capsular lipopolysaccharide (LPS), while other C3H strains show high reactivity. This trait is due to a dominant gene (Watson, 1974)

• Red blood cells exhibit strong agglutination (Rubinstein, 1974)

• Resistant to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis induced by encephalomyelitis virus (Boucher, 1975)

• Good immune response to Pro-Gly-Pro-ovalbumin and (Pro-Gly-Pro)n (Fuchs, 1974)

• Resistant to Salmonella typhymurium C5 (Plant 1974, Glynn, 1976)

• 100% infection with murine leukemia virus in three generations (Jenson et al., 1976)

• Highly susceptible to rubella (Rager, Tisman & Uden, 1976) (Neighbour et al., 1978)

• Deficient in LPS responsiveness (Glode, 1977)

• B cell and macrophage (MΦ) responsiveness to LPS is linked at the same locus, and both are deficient in LPS responsiveness (Morozumi, 1981)

 

Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics

• High serum cholesterol levels (Bruel, 1962)

• Low serum haptoglobin levels (Pencock, 1967)

• High hepatic tyrosin aminotransferase levels in fasted mice (Blake, 1970)

• High erythrocyte catalase (Hoffman, 1971)

• Fast peripheral nerve conduction velocity (Heman, 1972)

• High porphyrin concentration in the Harderian gland (Cutroneo, 1973)

• Low hepatic ammonia-lyase activity (Hanford, 1974)

• Low blood pressure (Mullink, 1975)

• High serum calcium concentration at 4 months of age (Barrett, 1975)

• High levels of β-endorphin and ACTH secreted from the pineal gland (Crabbe, 1981)

 

Pharmacological Characteristics

• Highly susceptible to fibroma induction by methylcholanthrene (Storong, 1952)

• Sensitive to chloroform toxicity (Deringer, 1953, Hill, 1973)

• Insensitive to histamine (Brown, 1965)

• Uterus is sensitive to estrogen (Chai, 1966)

• Short sleep time induced by hexobarbital (Vesell, 1968)

• Liver cancer but not lung cancer is induced by administering DMBA to newborn mice (Flaks, 1968)

• Highly susceptible to mammary cancer induction by urethane (Bentvelzen, 1970)

• Highly susceptible to tumor induction by 3,4-benzpyrene (Liebolt, 1970 & Whitimire, 1971)

• Prone to skin tumor induction by DMBA (Thomas, 1973)

• Gastric cancer is highly induced by oral administration of methylcholanthrene (Akamatsu, 1974)

• Affected by isoniazid toxicity (Taylor, 1976)

 

Anatomical Characteristics

• Low total white blood cell count, total red blood cell count, hematocrit, and hemoglobin (Russell, 1951)

• Few accessory spleens and many Peyer's patches (Hummel, 1966)

• Small thymus-to-body weight ratio (Belyaev, 1970)

• Large pituitary gland (Sinha, 1975)

※Quoted and modified from Jcl NEWS No.1, issued October 1, 1989, by CLEA Japan, Inc., Development Division.

 

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